Caroline is an Adjunct Research Fellow in the Department of Archaeology and History at La Trobe University. She is lead and co-investigator of several research projects with Traditional Owners, museums, universities, government agencies and industry partners, focusing on Indigenous cultural heritage in southeastern Australia, Papua New Guinea and South Africa. Her research has been funded by the Australian Government, universities, foundations and government agencies.

Caroline's research focuses on Indigenous stone tool technology (including refitting/conjoin analysis, and portable X-ray Fluorescence), and Aboriginal culturally modified trees.

Caroline has published extensively in peer-reviewed journals and edited volumes, including The Holocene, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Journal of Lithic Studies, Australian Archaeology, and Historical Records of Australian Science. She has also published articles in The Conversation.

Caroline is Advisory Editor of 'Excavations, Surveys and Heritage Management in Victoria', the peer-reviewed proceedings of the annual Victorian Archaeology Colloquium. She sits on the National Executive Committee for National Archaeology Week, and is an invited expert for the National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Register of Experts. Caroline is also a qualified Heritage Advisor under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006 (Vic.).